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Has Israel met the conditions for US aid to Gaza? Response came from Israel and the UN
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Has Israel met the conditions for US aid to Gaza? Response came from Israel and the UN

The United States said Tuesday that Israel is not currently blocking humanitarian aid to the Gaza Strip and is therefore not violating U.S. law and avoiding restrictions on U.S. military aid.

Israel said it had met most of the 16 specific demands put forward by Washington but was still discussing some items. But international aid groups said Israel had failed to fully meet any of these.

In a letter dated October 13, the United States gave 30 days to comply with this decision.

Below are the requirements and responses prepared by Israel’s COGAT military agency, the UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, and a coalition of eight aid groups.

1. Have at least 350 trucks per day enter Gaza through the four main crossings and open a new fifth crossing.

ISRAEL: Israel has allowed the passage of an average of 76 trucks per day in the last 30 days. Israel said it plans to reopen a fifth crossing called Kissufim.

UNITED NATIONS: Last month, an average of 50 truckloads entered Gaza per day.

From October 1 to November 10, three crossings were open and no new crossings were opened. Kissufim appears to have opened on November 12th.

AID GROUPS: An average of 42 trucks entered Gaza per day for 25 days. Three crossings had trucks entering regularly, the fourth had an average of zero trucks per day, and the fifth was not open.

2. Ensure adequate humanitarian aid pauses throughout Gaza to enable humanitarian activities for at least the next four months.

ISRAEL: “Based on operational assessments, attempts are being made to implement daily humanitarian stops in various regions on an almost daily basis, as well as tactical stops along certain routes that allow for safer movement and make it easier for aid convoys to reach their destinations without interference.”

UNITED NATIONS: No answer.

AID GROUPS: Israel did not comply. Only 11% of the goods arriving at warehouses in October were distributed.

3. Allow people in Al-Mawasi and the humanitarian zone to move inland before winter.

ISRAEL: A spokesman said people from these areas were allowed to move inland but did not know how many.

UNITED NATIONS: OCHA said, “We cannot measure this.”

RELIEF GROUPS: Partial compliance achieved as only a limited number of people were allowed to move inland within a 30-day period.

4. Improve security of fixed humanitarian areas and movements.

ISRAEL: Security is present but not increased in the last month.

UNITED NATIONS: “Humanitarian aid convoys receiving humanitarian supplies from Kerem Shalom still face serious security challenges. Humanitarian facilities have come under fire.”

AID GROUPS: “Israel not only failed to take demonstrable actions to improve the security of the humanitarian response, but also worsened the security risks to humanitarian workers. Israeli forces repeatedly attacked humanitarian centers and frontline responders during the 30-day period.”

5. Cancel evacuation orders when there is no operational need

ISRAEL: The evacuation of civilians from battlefields was for their protection, and the Israeli military “adheres to and acts in accordance with international law.”

UNITED NATIONS: As of August 25, evacuation orders were given to approximately 90 percent of Gaza. As of November 11, approximately 79% of Gaza is under an evacuation order.

AID GROUPS: Israel’s evacuation orders do not comply with international law. An evacuation order was rescinded within 30 days. Six new evacuation orders were implemented in October and early November.

6. Facilitate the rapid implementation of the UN World Food Program winter and logistics plan to repair roads, establish warehouses and expand platforms and accommodation areas.

ISRAEL: The spokesman said Israel “absolutely” meets this requirement. A humanitarian assessment for the winter, including bringing in shelter equipment and repairing roads, has been undertaken and is currently being carried out.

UNITED NATIONS: No response

ASSISTANCE GROUPS: Israel failed to do so and rejected WFP demands for action to repair roads, new warehouses and expanded accommodation. Israel rejected requests to carry blankets, warming materials and clothing.

7. Ensuring that Israeli Coordination and Liaison officers can communicate with humanitarian aid convoys at checkpoints

ISRAEL: COGAT sits in a joint task force room with representatives of international organizations and is in constant contact with trucks on the ground.

UNITED NATIONS: CLA officers can communicate with humanitarian aid convoys at checkpoints, but “UN convoys rarely encounter CLA officers at checkpoints.”

AID GROUPS: CLA officers do not communicate with humanitarian aid convoys at checkpoints.

8. Appoint division-level liaison officers from Southern Command to the Joint Coordination Board.

ISRAEL: This did not happen.

UNITED NATIONS: No answer.

ASSISTANCE GROUPS: The required officer has not been appointed.

9. Removal of restrictions on the use of containers and closed trucks and increasing the number of supervised drivers to 400.

ISRAEL: The spokesman said that Israel does not allow closed trucks to pass into Gaza because they pose a security threat. “It will be used in arms smuggling. For example, last week they found a sack of bullets in an aid truck.”

The spokesman said that there are around 75 drivers with security clearance and negotiations are ongoing to increase this number.

UNITED NATIONS: No answer.

ASSISTANCE GROUPS: Israel did not comply with either condition.

10. Remove the agreed-upon list of essential items from the dual-use restricted list.

ISRAEL: “We are making efforts to do this,” a COGAT spokesman said.

UNITED NATIONS: No answer.

HELP GROUPS: Most of the list is quite limited and the list is inconsistently managed.

11. Ensuring expedited customs procedures at Ashdod Port for humanitarian aid destined for Gaza.

ISRAEL: “Israel has implemented targeted measures to significantly increase the volume and effectiveness of aid entering through the Port of Ashdod, especially to Cyprus,” he said. This involved improved logistics and coordination.

UNITED NATIONS: No answer.

ASSISTANCE GROUPS: Israel has consistently failed to expedite customs clearance at the port.

12. Waive customs obligations in the Jordan corridor until the UN implements its own process.

ISRAEL: Israel has facilitated UN customs clearance to allow for standard processing of humanitarian aid shipments.

UNITED NATIONS: Aid deliveries are considered donations and no customs or import fees are charged to Israel. As agreed, a UN mechanism under UN Security Council resolution 2720 is facilitating Israel’s customs clearance processes.

ASSISTANCE GROUPS: The problematic customs clearance obligation imposed by Israel during the summer months has been abolished for 30 days. However, burdensome processes continue for humanitarian organizations.

13. Allowing aid to enter Gaza through the northern crossings via the Jordanian corridor and others according to the agreement.

ISRAEL: A COGAT spokesman said 30-50 trucks enter the West Erez crossing point every week.

UNITED NATIONS: Jordanian corridor trucks unload their goods at Zikim (West Erez) to reach northern Gaza.

It was stated that 374 trucks have been sent to Gaza via the Jordan corridor since October 10.

ASSISTANCE GROUPS: Corridor “apparently functional but not near capacity.” They gave Israel a partial compliance rating.

14. Reinstatement of at least 50-100 commercial trucks per day.

ISRAEL: A COGAT spokesman said no commercial goods were allowed into Gaza because Hamas controlled the traders.

UNITED NATIONS: Israel has not allowed commercial goods to enter Gaza since October 2.

ASSISTANCE GROUPS: No commercial trucks have entered since September 30th.

15. Reaffirm that the Israeli government will not have a policy of forcibly evacuating civilians from the north to the south of Gaza.

ISRAEL: The Israeli army is operating to target Hamas’ infrastructure in the north of Gaza. In order to minimize the damage to civilians, it warns the public and removes people who are not involved in the incident from the battlefields. Humanitarian aid will continue to Northern Gaza and Jabalia region.

UNITED NATIONS: Mandatory evacuations occurred.

AID GROUPS: Israel ordered civilians, including patients in hospitals, to leave the area. Nearly 100,000 people have been displaced from northern Gaza in the past four weeks.

16. Ensuring continued access for humanitarian organizations from Israel and southern Gaza to northern Gaza.

ISRAEL: “Yes, we allow this,” said a COGAT spokesman.

UNITED NATIONS: OCHA said humanitarian teams did not have permanent access to northern Gaza.

ASSISTANCE GROUPS: Israel failed to do this.